How Dummie´s works:
Head
The head is made of aluminium and covered in rubber flesh. Inside,
three accelerometers are set at right angles, each providing data
on the forces and accelerations to which the brain would be subjected
in a crash.
neck
Neck
Features measuring devices to detect the bending, shearing and
tension forces on the neck as the head is thrown forwards and
backwards during the impact.
Arms
Neither arm carries instrumentation. In a crash, arms flail and,
although serious injuries are uncommon, it is difficult to provide
worthwhile protection against them.
chest
Chest (front impact)
Hybrid III's steel ribs are fitted with sensing equipment that
records the deflection of the rib cage in the frontal impact.
Injuries result if forces exerted on the chest area, such as from
the seat belt, are too great.
Chest (side impact)
The side-impact dummy, EuroSID-1, has a completely different chest,
with three ribs instrumented to record compression of the chest
and velocity of this compression.
Abdomen EuroSID-1 is equipped with sensors to record forces likely to cause abdominal injury.
dummie
child
Pelvis
EuroSID-1 has instruments fitted in its pelvic girdle. They record
lateral forces that may result in fractures or hip-joint dislocation.
legs
Upper leg
In Hybrid III, this area is made up of the pelvis, femur (thigh)
and knee. Load cells in the femur provide information in frontal
impact tests on likely injury to all sections, including the hip
joint which can suffer from fractures and dislocations. Instrumentation
called a "knee slider" is used to measure forces transmitted
through the dummy's knees, particularly if they hit the lower
facia.
Lower leg
Instruments fitted inside the leg measure bending, shear, compression
and tension, allowing injury risks to the tibia (shin-bone) and
fibula (bone connecting knee to ankle) to be assessed.
Feet and ankles
Assessment of feet and ankle injuries is based on how badly the
car is damaged, by measuring distortion and rearward movement
of the driver footwell area.
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